What Is Hypothyroidism?
An underactive thyroid is the main cause of hypothyroidism. The thyroid is an endocrine gland that produces hormones and controls the metabolism. The pituitary gland is the organ that sends messages throughout the body to release thyroid hormones. The metabolism process converts food into energy for the body. When hypothyroidism occurs, the body is not making enough thyroid hormones, which negatively affects the metabolism. Typically, hypothyroidism affects women aged 60 and older.
The leading causes of hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism may be caused by iodine deficiency, hyperthyroidism treatments, hereditary medical conditions, or an inflamed thyroid (thyroiditis). One of the hereditary illnesses that causes hypothyroidism is Hashimoto’s disease. In this disease, the cells in the immune system attack thyroid hormones, leading to hypothyroidism. Hashimoto’s disease is considered an autoimmune disorder.
Diagnosing hypothyroidism
The diagnosis begins with a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) blood test. TSH tests check the blood for hormones, antibody proteins, and thyroglobulin. Physicians take samples of the patient’s blood and send the samples to a lab for further analysis. A thyroid imaging test, like an ultrasound or CT scan, is more involved. During the ultrasound, doctors use a soundwave device to locate any neck lumps signifying thyroid issues. A CT scan visualizes thyroid size and location in the body. Before the procedure, patients are injected with iodine or take a capsule to help providers get accurate x-ray images.
Treatments for hypothyroidism
Untreated hypothyroidism leads to health issues like an enlarged thyroid, breathing problems, and mental health conditions. Usually, doctors use hormone replacement medication to restore the hormones the body no longer produces. Patients can also make some lifestyle changes, such as adding or eliminating certain foods from the diet to manage hypothyroidism.
Foods that help people with hypothyroidism
Low iodine levels are a sign of hypothyroidism. Iodine is vital to the production of thyroid hormones. Iodine can be found in enriched iodine salt commonly found in the supermarket. Iodine is also present in seafood, eggs, and poultry. Hypothyroidism patients should also increase selenium intake, an essential mineral for thyroid function. Selenium is found in tuna, Brazil nuts, and sardines. People with Hashimoto’s disease should consider eating a gluten-free diet.
Supplements that support proper thyroid functions.
Most of the essential nutrients the body needs are present in food, but everyone does not eat a well-balanced diet. Therefore, taking dietary supplements to receive the recommended vitamins and minerals is very common. Nutrients and minerals like zinc, vitamin D, magnesium, iron, and vitamin B12 are also vital to thyroid health. Dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt contain substantial amounts of vitamin D. Lactose intolerant patients or those who are unable to eat enough dairy can take vitamin D supplements to get these health benefits.
Where can I find supplements?
Dietary supplements are sold online and in health food stores, supermarkets, or other retail outlets. Supplements are available in powder, capsule, pill, liquid, and gummy form. Before taking any type of supplement, patients should consult a physician.
